C100 Application Guide: Family Court Step-by-Step Support for Parents

Introduction: Why the C100 Application Matters

Taking a case to family court is a big decision, especially as a parent representing yourself. The C100 application is the key form used in England and Wales to ask the court to make decisions about children when parents can’t agree. Whether you’re seeking a Child Arrangements Order, Prohibited Steps Order, or Specific Issue Order, understanding the C100 is essential for the well-being of your family.

What Is a C100 Application?

The C100 application is a formal request to family court regarding arrangements for children. You may need to use it if you and your child’s other parent (or anyone with parental responsibility) can’t reach agreement, even after trying mediation. The C100 covers situations including where your child lives, when they spend time with each parent, and other important issues such as schooling or relocation.

When Do You Use the C100?

• To apply for a Child Arrangements Order (where your child lives or who they spend time with)
• To apply for a Prohibited Steps Order (to stop someone from carrying out a certain action regarding your child, e.g. taking them abroad)
• To apply for a Specific Issue Order (to resolve specific disputes, e.g. choice of school)

Step-by-Step Guide to Completing the C100 Application

Here’s a practical breakdown to help you complete the C100 if you’re representing yourself in family court:

1. Seek Mediation First (MIAM)

For most applications, the family court requires you to attend a Mediation Information and Assessment Meeting (MIAM) before applying. A certified mediator will discuss whether mediation can resolve your dispute. Certain exceptions apply, such as if there’s been domestic abuse.

• Book a MIAM with an accredited mediator (find one via Family Mediation Council).
• If mediation isn’t suitable, the mediator will sign the relevant MIAM section of the C100 form.
• MIAM exemptions (e.g. urgent risk to a child, domestic violence evidence) are listed on the C100 form. Only use these if you genuinely meet the criteria.

2. Downloading and Completing the C100 Form

You can download the official C100 from the GOV.UK website. To fill it out:

• Type or write your answers clearly in black ink.
• Complete each section truthfully. Inaccurate details may affect your case.
• Give as much information as possible regarding the child, parents, other parties, and the reason for your application.
• Tick the correct boxes for the orders you’re seeking.

3. Supporting Documents: What to Include

Alongside the C100, gather all supporting documents relevant to your case, such as:

• Birth certificates for each child
• Evidence of mediation (or MIAM exemption proof)
• Any court orders already in place
• Relevant correspondence (e.g., letters, emails relating to the dispute)
• Evidence of risk if you claim an exemption (police reports, GP letters, etc.)

4. Understanding Court Fees and Help with Costs

As of 2024, the C100 application fee is £232. If you’re on a low income or receive certain benefits, you may qualify for Help with Fees (EX160 form). Submit the EX160 with your application and supporting evidence.

5. Filing Your C100 Application

• Online: You can apply online via the HMCTS Child Arrangements Service.
• By Post: Post your completed C100 and documents to your local family court. Make two extra copies (one for each party, plus court copy).
• In Person: Some courts allow walk-in submissions, but always check opening hours first.

6. After You Submit: What Happens Next?

The court will issue your application, assign a case number, and set a date for the first hearing (First Hearing Dispute Resolution Appointment, or FHDRA). All parties will be sent copies. Cafcass (Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service) will make initial safeguarding checks and may contact each adult involved.

What to Expect: Family Court Process After the C100

The family court procedure typically involves the following stages after your C100 is submitted:

• Safeguarding checks: Cafcass contact each party to check for any risks to your child.
• Preparing bundles: You may be asked to prepare or contribute to the case bundle – a file of all documents and evidence.
• The FHDRA: This first hearing focuses on achieving agreement if possible and identifying key issues. The judge and Cafcass officer may encourage negotiation.
• Directions: If no agreement is reached, the judge may order reports, statements, or fact-finding hearings, especially if there are allegations of harm or domestic abuse.
• Final hearing: If you still can’t agree, your case will proceed to a final court hearing where the judge makes a decision based on your evidence and the welfare of your child (Children Act 1989, s.1).

Key Tips for Representing Yourself in Family Court

• Stay factual: Focus on your child’s welfare and avoid emotional accusations.
• Be organised: Keep copies of everything you send or receive.
• Prepare your story: Write a short summary of what you’re asking for and why. Refer to specific evidence, not just your wishes.
• Communicate politely: With the other party and the court, keeping all exchanges respectful.
• Ask for adjustments: If you have a disability or need extra support, notify the court as soon as possible.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Not attempting mediation or claiming exemptions incorrectly
• Leaving out essential information on the C100 form
• Missing court deadlines for documents
• Using disrespectful or inflammatory language in your application
• Failing to attend hearings or keep the court updated about your contact details

Alternatives to Court: Do You Really Need a C100?

Court should be a last resort. Before submitting a C100, ask yourself:

• Have you tried all reasonable options to agree?
• Could extended mediation or negotiation with support help?
• Are your concerns urgent or about safeguarding?

If there is no alternative, the C100 process provides judges with the structure and information they need to protect children’s best interests.

Useful Links and Resources

• Official Family Court Forms
• Cafcass Guidance
• CourtCraft Advocate’s Support Pages

Frequently Asked Questions: C100 Application Guide Family Court

How long does it take for a C100 application to be processed?

Processing times vary between courts, but typically you’ll receive a hearing date within 4–8 weeks of submitting your application. Urgent cases (such as those involving risk to children) may be heard faster.

Can I apply for a C100 online?

Yes, you can submit a C100 application online using the HMCTS Child Arrangements Service. This can be more convenient and is often processed more quickly by the court.

Do I always need to attend court hearings?

Usually, yes. Most applications require you to attend at least one court hearing, either in person or remotely. Remote hearings (by phone or video) are common but depend on court arrangements. Always check your notice for instructions.

What happens if the other parent doesn’t respond to the court?

If the other party ignores court papers or doesn’t attend, the court can still make decisions in their absence. The judge will always prioritise what’s best for the child, based on the evidence available.